Aids and Society essays

Aids and Society essays The number of newborns infected by vertical transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus is increasing as the prevalence of HIV-positive women increase within the United States. It is estimated that while seven thousand HIV-positive women become pregnant each year, between one thousand and two thousand of their newborns will be HIV-positive. This research paper will concentrate on the transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus from mother to child, the benefits of drugs intervention, and whether or not the HIV-screening process of pregnant women should remain voluntary or become mandatory. The HIV-virus has proven that it is not a disease to be taken lightly or ignored. I chose this topic because I want to be informed about the virus and its rate of vertical transmission so that I will be able to inform others about such ethical topics: Does the baby have rights and should a pregnant women be denied her right to privacy with respect to HIV? Data shows that AIDS is now increasing faster among females than males, with women accounting for seven percent of cases in 1985 and nineteen percent in 1995. The incidences of HIV-positive heterosexual women have risen dramatically over the past decade, and AIDS is now the third leading cause of death among women ages twenty-five to forty-four. The one thing that all of these women have in common is that they all are of child bearing age. Consequently, the incidences of HIV-positive newborns have also increased. As mentioned previously, about seven thousand HIV-infected women give birth each year, and about twenty-five percent of their babies are HIV-positive. Maternal transmission accounted for ninety-two percent of all new AIDS cases reported in children in 1994(Davis15). A major breakthrough in drug intervention began in February 1993. The AIDS Clinical Trials Group administered a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled study of zi...

Project Planning in Teams

Project Planning in Teams Free Online Research Papers Project planning in teams is being used more and more each day. Teams are now being incorporated in schools and the workforce. There has been success in using teams and that has helped for it to be used more and more. The key role of teams is for project planning and having a good outcome. The success of using teams for all of the project planning has helped companies and schools use the skills people have to meet production deadlines. There are many ways of project planning in teams but we will look at only a few and how they are helpful to reaching success. Definition of Project Planning in Teams Project planning in teams can also be defined as â€Å"Project management is the coordination of your work and that of others such that organizational objectives can be achieved while meeting time, budget, and quality standards of expectations.† as mentioned in The McGraw-Hill Companies, DeJanesz-Dowd-Schmeider, (2001, p 350). Project planning in teams is successful if it is planed accordingly and considering any roadblocks to meet deadlines. When working project planning in teams good organization and communication is important so everyone is working towards the same goal. Consider the knowledge, abilities and skills when forming the teams so the planning of the project can be easier. Team managers and members need to discuss the project before planning how to work it. Using the technology to keep in touch and make sure the project is working and the deadlines are being met.Project planning in teams is based on communication and organization for a good outcome. Schools and companies have started to use teams for special projects; usually leaving the planning of the project to a team leader. Project planning in teams has become a great tool in schools and workforce as indicated in The McGraw-Hill Companies, DeJanesz-Dowd-Schmeider, (2001, p 351). Both schools and companies have learned that people are more productive and beneficial in teams during project planning. When initiating project planning in teams make sure you know the information and the goals to achieve it. Members of project planning in teams When planning a project in teams we have to consider the main members and analyze how to form the team so we can complete the project successfully. Knowing all of the information of the project will help you come up with a good team. Team members need to communicate effectively so there can be, as close as possible, a perfect team. The team is composed by two key members which is the team manger and the rest of the team members. These members need to posses the ability to work together. Team manager The team manager is an important role in the project planning since they coordinate all aspects of the teams such as, determine the beginning of the project and organize the rules for it. When considering team members to be managers we should consider the following as indicated by Garris, Leah B (2007) â€Å"Good communication and listening skills, with the ability to ask open-ended questions.†. Team managers need to be good organizers so they have all the material to begin the project planning and be able to explain it to all of the other team members. The managers should have a people person personality since they will sometimes serve as mediators. A good team manger is the beginning to any perfect project. Team members A good team consists of people that are willing to communicate and work well with others. Good team members as indicated in the study conducted by Weems-Landingham, Velvet (2004), â€Å"perceived abilities to plan and coordinate activities, tasks, and information† (Ch 2). As part of a team the members need to follow the project plan and communicate so they can all be working towards the same objective. The first main ability a team member should have is good communication skills so they can communicate well with the other members. If a team member is not willing to do their part in the project planning the outcome will not be successful (Weems-Landingham, Velvet, 2004). Steps for Project Planning in Teams There are various steps in project planning that are beneficial when working in teams. Two of these steps have been known to be good tools for success in projects. The way these steps are applied are different but the over all outcome that the teams are striving for is to have a successful project. Some companies are using these steps to plan there projects. Knowing the steps of pre-project and the after-project that helps us work more efficiently and helps us review the outcome of the project. Pre-Project planning This step is important because it helps you gather all of the information you need to have when project planning in teams. Some of the information that is needed for the team to begin their work is budgeting, scheduling, financing and decision making; all members need to know the specifics to have a good outcome. The one process that is essential is backscheduling and involves looking backwards from target date, beginning with your goal or objective and then plotting out the means to achieve it as mentioned in The McGraw-Hill Companies, DeJanesz-Dowd-Schmeider, (2001, p 355). Pre-projecting is helpful if you do not procrastinate. The team needs to be organized and stay in communication constantly so there is success. After Project planning. This step is good since it helps you determine if the steps taken helped the team reach the goal in a timely manner and with in the guidelines that were implemented. This is also a good tool to help you avoid using steps that were not beneficial and drifted the team off target. This is also a good way to determine if the rules that were used cause conflicts with in the team members. This helps determine if there was a lack of or inadequate measurement of the project management process, with a focus on the measurement of outcomes eliminat[ing] the capability of the project team to make timely and cost-effective midcourse corrections as indicated in the study of Uday-Riley, Marcey (2006). This will help determine where the weakness and attributes of the team were. Different Ways of Project Planning in teams With the advances of technology today we now have two ways of project planning in teams which consist in using the traditional way and the virtual way. Both in traditional and virtual ways the communication among team members is essential. Both the traditional way and the virtual way indicates that the overall result is to have success in every project planning tasks that is given to the teams. Whether using the traditional or virtual way the team members should follow the five stages of Tuckman’s model as explained in The McGraw-Hill Companies, Kreinter-Kinicki (2003 Ch12 P 414) which are Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing and Adjourning so any changes done during the project’s duration can run smoothly. Traditional Way This way is used when team members have met and work directly work with each other. Schools that use the method of teaming students use this way in order for project planning to be discuss in the daily and weekly events. Small companies us the traditional way so members can communicate openly during meeting. The element this way brings is that it is a more personal way of planning and performing projects as a team. By meeting and interacting directly and indirectly with each other the team members seem to be more willing to incorporate the Tuckman’s model in project planning. Virtual Way This way is the way some companies and schools use to analyze the planning of a project before asking a team to use it. Some ways of using the virtual way is to request surveys and questionnaires for project planning in teams. Large corporations use this method when opening branches in other cities and counties. These companies are using what they have learned has worked from their main branch to start the project planning in any other. In the study by Delisle, Connie Louise Gail (2002) said that â€Å"Virtual ways of organizing and working continue to generate interest globally in academic and business communities†(p7). An example of virtual way being implemented is when you work for a large company you can be part of a team but never meet. Conclusion In order for success to happen in project planning in teams the main key is to maintain good communication always. Planning the project well consist of having a good team leader and team members, knowing the project and knowing if surveys and questionnaires have been done on the project presented. Having team members that know what the project consist of will be more determine to work towards the same goal and meet deadlines. Team members need to stay organized and focus when planning projects. Project planning in teams have become a way of life. References The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2001. Project Management (Chapter 17). DeJanasz-Dowd-Schmeider (Interpersonal Skills in Organizations: IV Group Skills Understanding and Working in Teams) The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2003. Group Dynamics (Chapter12). Kreinter-Kinicki (Organizational Behavior Sixth Edition: III Group and Social Processes) Delisle, Connie Louise Gail, Ph D., University of Calgary (Canada), 2001. Success and Communication in virtual project team. Dissertation. (PG 7). Retrieved June 2002, from ProQuest database. Garris, Leah B. Building. Cedar Rapids: Apr 2007. Building the Perfect Project Team. Periodicals. Vol. 101 Iss. 4, 7. Retrieved Apr 2007, from ProQuest database. Uday-Riley, Marey. Performance Improvement. Silver Spring: Jul 2006. Eight Critical Steps to Improve Workplace Performing with Cross-Cultural Teams. Periodicals. Vol. 45, Iss. 6; 2. Retrieved Jul 2006, from ProQuest database. Weems-Landingham, Velvet, Ph D., Case Western Reserve University. 2004, The role of project manager and team member knowledge, skills and abilities (KSAs) in distinguishing virtual project team performance outcomes. Dissertation. 143. Retrieved Jul 2004, from ProQuest database. Research Papers on Project Planning in TeamsThe Project Managment Office SystemLifes What IfsResearch Process Part OneAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductPETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Hockey Game

Racial Problems Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Racial Problems Critique - Essay Example Different groups of people, from different races all over the world, have found their way into America in different ways. Shortly after its discovery, many Europeans, faced with the need to find a better life elsewhere after the famous European revolutions, migrated to America. They claimed large amounts of land, embarked on large scale farming and helped fuel the agrarian revolution that led to another revolution called industrial revolutions. In subsequent years, when the need for human labor to labor the large American plantation emerged, Africans were brought to America to fulfill this need. Later years saw the bringing of Chinese, Indians, Spanish and other groups into America. Later immigrations have been fueled by opportunities for better life assumed to be in America. It is thus the country with the highest numbers of racial groups in the world but for a long time in the history of America, there have been problems with harmonious racial coexistences. Resultant problems have not only been witnessed at personal levels but also in status quo and political levels. Until recently, after election of president Obama, there were widespread notions that black Americans were very lowly regarded in the American society, however this is not exactly the case. Over the years, racial segregation has reduced in the American setting, and it has no profound effect in the American setting and political environment. This is because, America being a strong democracy, issues to do with race continue to be wiped out every year, and with time, this will be a thing of the past.In order to understand whether racial segregation is a great problem, it is important to understand the historical background of racism in the early 20th century. Racial problems in the twentieth century Issues of racial discrimination at personal level From his letter from Birmingham jail, Luther claims that there are numerous injustices committed on the black community by white moderate who instill on following order and not justice. He claims that there are various instances where black community has undergone oppressive behavior from the white majority. His justification of engaging in creation of tension as direct engagement of provocation of dialogue is aimed at highlighting the need for immediate engagement of it, hence a mirror of the amount of racial problems in America at personal levels. In support of the same, Belgrave and Allison (15) argue that after taking psychological test differences between blacks and whites, insurgences on injustices went higher. Their report claims that there was proposition of developing a less abstract type of education for blacks since they were considered mentally weak. But criticism for the tests indicated that such injustices included formulation of test questions only relevant and familiar to whites, hence favoring the whites over blacks. Secondly, the text continues to indicate that racial problems were greatly profound in America durin g the 20th century at personal levels. Luther explains that black children were not allowed to attend the same amusement parts as white,

Case Study on Employee Relations Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

On Employee Relations - Case Study Example Having employed over 100 employees and with a possibility of future expansion, the business owner has decided that he would want to engage his employees more in the running of the company using the employee relations techniques. This is aimed at ensuring that employees perform at their most efficient optimal levels. This report is thus aimed at focusing on the various issues that ensure employee relations is handled well in solving conflicts once they arise and to avoid disputes from degenerating into serious matters in the future (Armstrong, 2006:167). These enterprises have employees of not more than 250 ,while small enterprise have less than fifty employees the medium sized enterprise have not more than 250 employees. The Small and medium Enterprises have played a very big role in the growth and stability of the economy as it consists of over 90% of all operating firms and they contribute to the creation of employment for over 65 million people. They have contributed to over 40% of the Gros Domestic product (GDP) in the United Kingdom and at the same time they have led to the growth of economies, increase in competition and innovation for the firms (Armstrong, 2006:167). Benefits employee relations Employee relations ensures that all stakeholders in the business are involved in the decision making process. This is because it entails involving all the parties together by building team work, cohesiveness and solving problems together. Employee relation is also important in reducing conflicts within the organization. All organizations have different people from different religion, age groups, and races and therefore differences are bound to arise and to be able to reduce these problems employee relations is important. The business owners are seeking for new ways that they can win the confidence and commitment of employees and also ensure that employees are satisfied with their jobs. They also seek to motivate the employees, reduce the rate of absenteeism, reduce the rate of labor turnover and eventually gain a competitive edge over their competitors. A more participatory management style would make the business achieve all these issues (Gennard and Judge, 2005:302). The issues for employee relations in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMES) The small and medium sized enterprises are faced with many issues such as lack of harmonization, tension between control and consent, loose structures of governance together with lack of professionalism in the human resources processes. Most of these firms do not have clear guidelines as to what is expected of employees. Thus we find that most employees will do what they think is right as there are no proper procedures to be followed (Murphy, 2002:10) . Constraints for SME The economic meltdown is a major concern for the SMEs today and the effects of this recession has led to the businesses adopting cost cutting strategies in areas of human resource training, practices and the development policies. The banks have also affected the operations of these businesses as they charge very high

Introduction to health behaviours and to Health Psychology Essay - 1

Introduction to health behaviours and to Health Psychology - Essay Example Research indicates that these tobacco leaves, when combusted, release active substances which create a sensation in the human body which is why the activity is sometimes also referred to as recreational use of drugs. In most cases, when the cigarette is lighted, vapors are created which heat up the aerosol in such a way that the gases that are discharged to be inhaled by the smokers. An analysis of the health hazards related to smoking reveals striking evidence of extreme risks it poses. Research indicates that smoking alone is responsible for causing preventable death on a global level, where in the USA alone, around 500,000 deaths are attributed to smoking hazards (Eysenck 2000: 12-13). Furthermore, due to the highly invasive yet insidious risks related to smoking, public policy is now being focused in the area. More so, critical hazards are associated with the asendorphins or the dopamines are the chemicals which directly incite the nerve endings of the brains after which they ten d to trigger sensations mostly pertaining to pleasure. Aside from the critical health hazards, smoking also influences major behavioral patterns and human psyche, due to which psychologists also spend major tenure studying psychology of smoking. A significant development regarding psychological research in the area of smoking took place somewhere in the mid 20th century. During this era, psychologists like Hans Eysenck started working on profiling the personality of smokers during that era. Thus, the paper aims at exploring the issue from both psychological as well as medical perspective to seek a complete account of the issue. To understand the related health hazards and the following psychological hazards, it is crucial to study the process which goes into the activity comprising smoking. In most cases, the cigarette is contained inside a compound of aerosol inclusive particles along with other gases and activated

Impact of Recession on Banking and Housing Industries

Impact of Recession on Banking and Housing Industries In late 2000s financial market collapse and the resulting, global recession have left an urgent need for knowledge and research about unemployment-financial markets, poverty and much more. It will be expected from the social scientist to examine the reasons and causes of the crisis, the resulting economic and social trouble, and solid solution. It is very important to look back in the previous recessions-to find out what happen, what policy can be learned from the past, and how can we avoid some of the worst results of the past. This is very challenging research, but we are not definitely exploring it from the start There are some other issues like people happiness and wellbeing stable life, we can also think about it (which were not actually on the researcher parameters in the previous recessions but have drawn a noticeable attention in recent years. This survey will provide a broad overlook of finding social and finical research on impact of recession on housing industry and banking industry, its causes, consequences and immediate policiesIts aim to be of what we already know and what we need to know about it. It is very important to find and answers for the future prosperity Theory of economic suggest that how recession can lead towards the vulnerable financial conditions of any sector and it can triggered or worsen the conditions A case study on the impact of recession on the banking as well as housing industries and how it affected the UK economic market Rationale Theory of economy suggest that when economy goes through different cycles and call decreasing gross national product(GDP) of the country is called recession, but in terms of economic recession many expert consider that significant decline in the economic progress throughout the country. Global recession is the period when global economy is slowdown. It is very difficult to defining a global recession because it is expected from the developing countries that have a higher GDP than developed countries. This case study is about a UK business market and its adverse result on the UK economy. Recession is not a new thing in 21st century, UK already have seen an adverse result in late 70s and 1990sRecession had fatal effect on all over the world. But researcher thinks that developed countries are more affected than developing countries. In 2010, the government officially announced that recession is over. Should we accept it now? Is it true? Or it is simply a made-up story? It is particular believe that recession started in Dec 2007 in US and spread out globallyBritain is a most affected country by recession. In late 2000s recession, the financial market collapse and it had a worse impact on jobs, on people lives and on business. This recession was very cruel on many sector of economy, financial institutions. Britain has now in recession for over a three years and. the British economy was officially announced to be in recession January 2008. In present time banks operate almost every business. Because of their wrong strategic plan, modern world has seen the worst economical disaster. Unregulated financial activity created valueless economical boom. But in final stage they paid the big price for it. Investor lost millions. People lost their savings. Some critic says, because of greedy bankers, working class people facing the bad situations. Even ex-prime minister Mr Brown supported critics statement. He said, because of some greedy bankers we have been passing through the most drastic situation Banks are the finance provider to the other sectors to the growth of economy. This late 2000,s recession worsen the condition .mortgage rate was high they cut back loans and redundant people. The problem was clear in late 2000s recession when the international investors and domestic holders withdrawing their deposits and banks were cutting back loans. It was really hard for the client to find out a good mortgage deals. In economical crises, property market is the most effected sector. It started in the USA in mid 2007. Property market mainly gets support from bank. But in financial crises, banks and mortgage firms was facing the significant problem. Therefore it was very hard for buyers to find a suitable property for buying. We would take a look at what were the changes that were made with the finanical downturn and what attempts were made to survive in the business world. We would also look through the critical and analytical point of view that how we will be able to come out from this scenario? 4 Literature review. This dissertation will also discuses the financial crisis in UK and what is the economic condition now? It will also highlight what are the main causes and what are the affect of 2000s recession? AS we know that recession could cause crises theory, currency crisis and financial crisis. Recession affects are very disastrous it could be a reason of bankruptcies, unemployment, credit crunch or foreclosure. In this dissertation a researcher would like to throw a light on two big giant sectors that is housing sector and banking sector. These two sectors rely on each other and late 2000s recession badly affected them. Housing market The painful drop in economic output and continuously rise in the unemployment had bad affect on housing prices and demand for buying houses. There are two main causes of this sharp decline, unemployment .It also contributed to rise in repossession. The, lower financial output led to a big cut in interest rate. It lowered mortgage interest payments. Banks are struggling to raise finance and the result is insufficiency of mortgage credit. Banks were overcautious about lending money and it is caused a shortage of buyers . It is noticeable that lower mortgage rate is attracting somehow but the financial companies have a big lost. They have to suffer for it. In gernal sense housing market is direct centre of crisis. Financial disaster was started in USA and spread out to UK .Three years ago when northern rock a mortgage bank was teetering on the edge, the financial authorities carried out keeping it a float with undeclared emergency lending. The main objection at that time came from the financial services authorities that a listed company should have to disclose the emergency lending to avoid misleading the business market. The economist (2009) in their journals identifies that commercial property values in central London are fallen by as much as 50% since the financial crises hit. It was in the news that Dubai was delaying repayments of some of it $60 billion (Â £36billion) in debt. The main purpose of this report was to unveil the dark side of the 2000s recession. When a giant overhang of the loans and it cause the economical disaster as well. Banking sector Banks are like a backbone of any prosperous country and the regulation of economic growth.2007- present; the financial crises are worsening the banking system. In the result many large financial insinuations are collapsed. Late 2000s recession is more like comprising with the 1930,s recession. Actually all the major economies are facing hardest time in economic growth in UK. In their report told that the governor of the bank of England Mervay king has warned that the UK is in a deep recession in 2009 and said rate cuts may no longer work Allen(1994) in his book financial crisis and recession in the global economy comments about recession and global economy in his chapter 1, 2 and 3.this research study is about 1982 world recession.1987 stock market crash Northern rock a British bank was one of the first victim of finical crisis. Northern rock requested a security to the bank of England. The investors were panic and bank run in September 2007.In February 2008 British government failed to find a buyer from a private sector and it was taken into the public hands. Northern rock bank proved initial stage problem. The companies affected those directly related to mortgage lending and home construction e.g. countrywide financial and Northern rock because they could not find financing through the credit market. In the result more than 100 lenders went bankrupt during December 2007-2008, another investor bank Bear Stearns collapsed in 2008 because of the fire sale to JP Morgan Chase. Financial crisis hit it peak in September and October 2008 Research Questions The dissertation will aim to find answers the following research questions through the analytical techniques and the data collections. What causes an economic recession? What are the effects of an economic recession on the financial sector? What is the current scenario and what is the future of financial sector state of UK? Some of the financial companies are not affected by recession? What are the strategies they adopted? What is the short term and long term strategies adopt by a business in the recent recession. Research Methodology The main objective of this analysis would be to examine the main cause of recession. The dissertations will discuses the economic condition of UK banks and housing market. It will also analyse that what are the strategies that have been adopted by the financial sector. For the research methodology it is important bringing in related knowledge towards the UK recession and its impact towards the financial sector. Negatively or positively from within the case study interviews to be given by some UK small medium enterpriser and multinational corporations, interviews will be of no less than hundred, these are the ones who are effected by recession regarding their loss of jobs and the status from their employment from the UK business sectors. Types of Data The main type of Data will be collected for this purpose of this report is as follows. Primary Data Primary data is the information which is collected by the researcher from his own primary data and analysis. This could be questionnaire-interviews observation, case study or critical incident. The primary data, which is collected from the different source, could be either qualitative which looks at the explanation behind the given responses or quantitative which is in the form of numbers and which can represent in the form of a graph or table. Questionnaires A research question is a kind of survey where the information is collected with the intension of arriving at the different conclusions on an issue. This kind of survey will help the researcher to get impartial result and if required the researcher can predict an issue or advice changes. Question will be divided to the employees, managers of big financial companies of random banks, mortgage companies and the housing sector. The question will be targeting a most specific issue of the discussion and each response would be analyse against each other. Survey may be deal with a variety of media (paper-electronic-verbal). Different kind of method can be used internet, face to face, telephone and mails.. The population will be divvied in managers employees and customers. Interviews Interview will be held on the spot with the people of different sectors. It could be either on phone or face to face. When the respondent meets the interviewee over the phone or directly and answer some circumstantial questions relating to circumstantial issue. This kind of interviews is more advantageous since not only respondent can convey themselves and interview can ask to elucidate the answer. Secondary Data Secondary data is a information that is already available. This could be including books, reviews, press releases, newspaper, news bulletin or reports etc. Again secondary data collected could be either quantitative or qualitative. It depends on the source and type of the information collected. Sampling method Stratified sampling Stratified sampling is a method where the population are based on groups. For the dissertation purpose, we will divide the populations. Managers of the companies This will include managers who are in direct contact with financial departments, including policy and decisions makers. Staff This group direct to those who help apply the strategies or changes. their opinion is indispensible as they are indirectly related with the running of business The big advantage of stratified sampling is that question will be related to the details. The interviewer wants to be answered and there will be less chance that the respondent will simply guess an answer that theses interviewer are in position to give answer to the questions. Simple random sampling This is a method where a small group of samples are selected from a large group.. 4.Data analysis There are two major approaches to analysis the data and collect an information qualitative and quantitative research method. Sometime required information is already available require only be pull out. However, in the analysis sometime information must be collected. This kind of research will call back the second approach. The research needs to be collected and it is not already available. The research mainly relies on the primary data. The nature of the problem, which researcher will explore in this report is suitable for both research methods. The secondary data in this research will be gathered from, reports, and books journals-journals-internet websites-companies websites, articles and every other written source of data. As primary data will be collected through interviews and questions, then all of the collected data will be analysis to accomplish the objectives and aims of the dissertation Qualitative Research Technique Qualitative research means to know why, not the, how, which is collected by many methods like interviews, feedback, forms-emails. Qualitative research is used to understand how people feel and they think-depth interviews or group discussions are two common methods to use for collect qualitative information. Quantitative Research Technique Quantitative research technique where a research method depends less on interviews-questions, observations but it is more focused on the numerical data and statistic collection and analysis. Information collected from the financial sectors, banks, mortgage companies will be combined together and put into tables and graphical charts to view the opinion on different topics and to review overall responses. Limitations of the Study Validity and reliability Validity directs to the truthfulness and accuracy of the research. Research data may be mislead if a question will be misinterpreted or misunderstand. Reliability is a various statistical tests. There is another way to test the reliability is to ask a same question with different wording in the research survey. It will help to collect a right data. Data may be misleading if the interviewee gives a judgment instead of straight facts. Therefore respondent will be bound in many ways from freely expression views with the help of close ended questions. Interviewing It may b challenging to finding the right person at the right time. Because of the current economic condition. a financial sectors would be face with the different challenges and then an interview for an academic research could end up a long way wait. Confidentiality As the business market is very competitive and the fact is that bit information about the company can give a rise to the competitors, a company might not want to share data. Although a confidentiality agreement will be signed and disclaimer will be issued. Response times The response time to the questionnaire and interview setting mostly rely on how busy the management and staff are at the research time. This might make collection process more lengthy Recent external factors Economical changes have a direct impact on the financial sectors and therefore theses changes have impact on their staffs as well. It is possible that feed back could be more a response to the recent external changes and not because of the business to ensure employees are happy and content.

How To Deal With A Person Who Essay -- essays research papers

How to deal with a person who is angry? We are taught to control our emotional feelings when we are young. We learn to be polite, patient, and hide our anger to people in everyday life. Most of us express our feelings indirectly: slamming doors, sullen silence, or snubbing others. Therefore, it is important to learn how to release anger in safe but effective ways. Unexpressed anger can smolder, causing stress and affecting physical health. After all, anger can escalate into violence. So, when we are dealing with a person who is angry, here are some strategies we can use: understand his/her anger, communicate with him/her, and help him/her to express the anger. First of all, when we are dealing with someone who is angry, try to understand what his/her anger is. If we are talking with an angry person, the first thing we have to do to control ourselves is not to be involved in his/her strong emotions. So, calm down, and ask why he/she is mad and listen to what he/she wants to say to us. Understanding the elements and the background that make this person angry makes it easier for us to communicate with him/her. Do not try to ask someone who is already angry to calm down; it is the same as asking someone who is sobbing not to cry. Secondly, try to communicate with him/her. It is possible to deal with anger by talking with someone. So, when we are trying to help an angry person, try to talk with positive manners. For example, avoid blaming, or accusing him by putting him on the ...

Birth Control Psychological Research Essay

The article written by Edward Pohlman in October of 1966 brought up interesting points in relation to psychologist and birth control. It provided both independent variables and dependent variables that helped to show why individuals decide on contraception, or decide not to use them. He pushed to show why psychologist haven’t done much research in the area of birth control and their related topics, by suggesting that non-psychologist are the researchers that boast interest in studying the topic because of potential overpopulation problems. I think the decision to treat independent and dependant variables about psychological effects of using birth control is relevant to all people that take part in intercourse and having children because these decisions are critical choices in life that decide whether future children will be able to thrive on our planet, and live without psychological damages from parental neglect. Some variables include, but are not limited to the number of children wanted, contraception’s, and measured personality. (Pohlman, Eugenics Quarterly.). Some psychological factors that were pointed out to be some major independent variables were total family size, mother’s age at first birth, duration of marriage, spacing between births, sex of the children, inability to have children, adoption and celibacy. (Polhman, Eugenics.). â€Å"Psychologist do not play key roles in whether or not countries engage in extensive use of birth control planning, or to control their population, rather private companies are relied upon to handle technical assistance and procedures.† (Journal of Social Issues.). This is the problem that needs to be addressed and accounted for; however, the author doesn’t provide evidence or notation of where, who, what, and how the study is taking place. He continues with, psychologists play an important role in contraception because they h ave the intelligence and â€Å"know-how† (Pohlman, Edwards.). to intervene with a patients and help the people decide if birth control is something that is an option or not. Once again the author is providing a statement rather than actual facts to lead on his arguments, but the argument is sound. Some studies that psychologist participated in were promoting the idea of contraception to both smaller families and that of larger families. The idea was to provide the idea that contraception wasn’t necessarily a problem and that they had to deal with, rather more of an option. The problem with this particular independent variable is that relationships with one culture could be completely different with relationships with other cultures. Population densities take psychological effects, so studies found that since the world population was a major concern then they would target high populated areas to conduct their research. These studies are important because of the food supply that would rapidly decline as the population increased. (Pohlman, Journal of Social Issues.). The author could have researched a graph and included it in his argument for a more frontal approach to help the reading see the truth in which he is attempting to provide. Psychologists found that the same psychological effects can be played in reverse when giving birth to a child. In a large probability sample of American wife’s in 1960, 17% were willing to admit that their latest conception had not really been wanted by both spouses. (Whelpton,Cambell, &Patterson, 1966, Pp.235-239.). As a parent, you have responsibility to your child, but having a psychologist discuss the precautions involved both positive and negatives, can make you question ones desirability and how you feel about having another child or not. According to Edward Pohlman it’s more profitable for a psychologist to study the effects on psychological depen dent variables such as, contraception and birth planning procedures, births of circumstances in the family, and population characteristics. This is why psychologist wait to conduct their research as opposed to taking the study from the start. Studies have shown that that any psychological factors that could influence anyone in a given culture towards having children, or having more children would not show up for the testing. (The Psychology of Birth Planning.). Psychologist also found that social class or even religious preferences tend to play a key role in decision making time that can be psychological in its self. â€Å"Every form of contraception has psychological effects on the person using them sexually.† (Edward Pohlman.). The article didn’t provide any data on psychological effects sexually, but it can be justified through the research of sterilization, abortion, infanticide, and abstinence. (Whelpton, P. K., Campbell, A. A., & Patterson.). in Edwards research he didn’t provide examples. Another form of dependent variable that was acknowledged was the effects of guilt. Guilt has been found to be one of the biggest issues when regarding to religious beliefs, rationalization and other phenomena related instances. (The Psycology of Birth Planning). Once again Edward Pohlman doesn’t provide proof to justify his statements; which is disappointing. In conclusion, the author leaves the reader questioning his argument because of the lack of data that he is able to extract from psychological studies. In my opinion, his sources are valid sources; however, to complete his argument that psychologist haven’t done enough research in the area of birth control and related topics, he needs to dig deeper and find sources that can find a better way to link the psychological factors on birth control and psychologists studies. This will help him complete his argument that without contraception our planet will be doomed do to over population. I also think he needs to find more information on the experiment entirely in its self. The studies took place in small and large populated areas, ok? As the reader, I want detail as to how the study was conducted? How many participants were involved? He gives examples of problems that could potentially be a disadvantage for psychologist. Edward Pohlman was correct that not enough studies are being conducted by psychologist. His argument is sound and on point.

Ford Motor Companys Transformation to an e-business Research Paper

Ford Motor Companys Transformation to an e-business Research Paper Ford Motor Company's Transformation to an e Ford Motor Going Online: Benefit and Risk Ford Motor Company saw the importance of the Internet technology in building and maintaining a strong relationship between the company and its potential/actual customers. In the late 1990s, Ford Motor’s CEO named Jac Nasser had devised an ingenuous, if not ambitious, plan in incorporating the advanced technology of the time into the culture of the company. It must be remembered that the 1990s was the time-period of the emergence of the so-called Internet superhighway. Thence, Nasser had predicted the vital role and the benefits offered by the growth of the software technology. In relation to the World Wide Web, he positioned the Ford Motor in such a way that the company attains the â€Å"vision we have for this new technology† (as cited in Greenhalgh, 2000, p. 46). Internally speaking, the Internet technology has provided a leeway for the members of the Ford Motor to have an open dialogue or exchange of ideas with respect to the customer and the product. For instance, the Dealer Web Hub permits the dealers of the Ford car/truck products to communicate among themselves (â€Å"e-Business at Ford,† n.d.). Conversely, what Nasser called â€Å"Internet inside,† the new technology served not only as a business-to-customer application but also as a business-to-business application (as cited in Greenhalgh, 2000, p. 46). Externally, Ford had made an agreement with other car manufacturers such as DaimlerChrysler in integrating the â€Å"supplier exchange† which is accessible to a single Web portal (â€Å"e-Business at Ford,† n.d.). In the year 2000, the Ford Motor Company had pursued a â€Å"Build to Order† model which is similar to Dell Computer model (â€Å"Ford’s e-Business,† 2002). That is, the model allows Ford’s customers to customize the car based from their individual choice or taste. In browsing the FordDirect site, for example, the customer can select and price the car that he or she desires (â€Å"e-Business at Ford,† n.d.). Prior to configuring the selected car design, the customer is asked of his or her zip code in order to determine his or her specific location. Afterwards, he or she can explore and re/configure the car of his or her liking. Ford has several web sites, each of which caters certain customer type. In Ford.ca, for instance, the customers are mainly from Canada such as Hamilton and Carleton. Comparing Ford.ca and FordDirect, the two online sites are relatively the same in relation to the car products viewed for the Internet users. How they are arranged, in the visual sense, makes them different. Perhaps each site is operated and maintained by particular Ford Motor branch/network. Meaning to say, Ford.ca is managed by Ford Motor based in Canada while other sites are operated/monitored by those who are geographically proximate relative to the location of the intended customer. To my mind, Ford’s project on going online was very risky. In the late 1990s, the World Wide Web was not as broad and expansive as it is today. Of course, technology per se is advantageous to organizations such as Ford. However, potential car customers were hardly familiar to the realm of the Internet let alone had the capacity to access it. Perhaps Jurgen Hubbert, one of DaimlerChrysler’s management board, was right in the context of time in saying that there is no need to â€Å"jump into this sort of business when nobody makes money† (as cited in â€Å"Ford’s e-Business,† 2002). References E-business at Ford Motor Company. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://media.ford.com/article_download.cfm?article_id=6598 Ford’s e-business strategy. (2002). Retrieved from icmrindia.org/casestudies/catalogue/IT%20and%20Systems/Fords%20e-Business%20Strategy-IT%20and%20Systems.htm Greenhalgh, L. (2000). Ford Motor Company’s CEO Jac Nasser on transformational change, e-business, and environmental responsibility. Academy of Management Executive, 14 (3), 46+.

Free Essays on Population Between Two Countries

Subject: Society, Space and the Environment (TG1090) Topic: "Compare and contrast the differences in population characteristics between developed and developing countries." Grade Awarded: Distinction Tutor’s Comments: Your essay shows good command of academic referencing and contains useful, interesting, illustrative material. It is way over the word length. I think you could easily have made it shorter by some editing - I've edited some parts for you to eliminate the padding. You need to focus on making your writing more succinct, and ensuring that you always make your meaning clear. Use of sub-headings may help. You have analysed some of the differences and presented a reasonably coherent line of argument. Marking Schedule: CRITERION MAJOR POINTS POSSIBLE MARK YOUR MARK Relevance to topic Answers questionContains relevant detail 10 7.5 Analysis Development of issues 10 7 Readability & expression Grammar, sentence construction. Ability to communicate main points effectively.Correct spelling Punctuation 10 7.5 Organisation & structure IntroductionConclusionParagraphs 10 7 Referencing Correct referencing styleProper list of referencesHas the literature on the topic been mentioned? 5 4 Illustrative material Relevance of maps, tables of data and diagramsCorrect conventions on mapsProper titles & sources on maps etc 5 3.5 (Note: This sample is provided in the exact form it was submitted and corrections and comments made in the text by the lecturer are not included. Tables, maps and diagrams have not been included in the sample.) Comparing and contrasting population characteristics of developed and developing countries give valuable insights into social, political and economic processes of countries. All numerical data given in this essay are in tables 1. and 2., and is correlated from the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) website (ODCI, 1998). It is important to point out that countries that were picked were c... Free Essays on Population Between Two Countries Free Essays on Population Between Two Countries Subject: Society, Space and the Environment (TG1090) Topic: "Compare and contrast the differences in population characteristics between developed and developing countries." Grade Awarded: Distinction Tutor’s Comments: Your essay shows good command of academic referencing and contains useful, interesting, illustrative material. It is way over the word length. I think you could easily have made it shorter by some editing - I've edited some parts for you to eliminate the padding. You need to focus on making your writing more succinct, and ensuring that you always make your meaning clear. Use of sub-headings may help. You have analysed some of the differences and presented a reasonably coherent line of argument. Marking Schedule: CRITERION MAJOR POINTS POSSIBLE MARK YOUR MARK Relevance to topic Answers questionContains relevant detail 10 7.5 Analysis Development of issues 10 7 Readability & expression Grammar, sentence construction. Ability to communicate main points effectively.Correct spelling Punctuation 10 7.5 Organisation & structure IntroductionConclusionParagraphs 10 7 Referencing Correct referencing styleProper list of referencesHas the literature on the topic been mentioned? 5 4 Illustrative material Relevance of maps, tables of data and diagramsCorrect conventions on mapsProper titles & sources on maps etc 5 3.5 (Note: This sample is provided in the exact form it was submitted and corrections and comments made in the text by the lecturer are not included. Tables, maps and diagrams have not been included in the sample.) Comparing and contrasting population characteristics of developed and developing countries give valuable insights into social, political and economic processes of countries. All numerical data given in this essay are in tables 1. and 2., and is correlated from the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) website (ODCI, 1998). It is important to point out that countries that were picked were c...

Successful Adoption of Strategic Management Principle Research Paper

Successful Adoption of Strategic Management Principle - Research Paper Example Strategic analysis is the most important and first component of the strategic management process. It starts with analyzing the internal and external environments and the situation wherein the organization matches those environments (Hunger & Wheelen, 2000). After the completion of the strategic analysis, formulation of strategy follows. This requires establishing the strengths of the organization to choose which strategies can be put into practice. The third stage is the strategic implementation. It requires actualizing or executing the formulated strategy (Hunger & Wheelen, 2000). The last stage requires monitoring the outcomes of an implemented strategy. This strategic review is basically similar to strategic analysis, observing the external and internal environments and the situation (Hunger & Wheelen, 2000) of the organization to decide if a plan should be reconstructed. Strategic management contributes largely to the long-term success of an organization. It is effective in the s ense that it improves organizational outcomes through a structured process of strategic planning. However, strategic planning is not without cost or difficulties. It is difficult to perform; requires extensive knowledge and rigour; and without the right managerial leadership, it will not be able to maintain the participation of others in the organization (Hill & Jones, 2009). The process of strategic planning will fail if there is no genuine and sustained involvement. However, if an organization chooses not to undergo strategic planning it will generate opportunity costs.

How BIM technologies are beneficial for contemporary digital design Assignment

How BIM technologies are beneficial for contemporary digital design - Assignment Example It does possess a whole range of advantages in the modern digital designs. The designers are shifting massively to this new technology due to its immense benefits. The concept is simple to use by the engineer, contractor, clients and manufacturers provided there is sharing of information. The engineer regulates energy consumption. The contractor monitors the building process. The client provides a useable space while the manufacturer deals with product maintenance through servicing it and maintaining its performance(HM Government, 2012, p 6). It is an integral component in the building industry. Most construction firms are using the protocol, which not only conserves time and money, but also creates artistic impressions worth winning admiration. Utilization of Building Information Modelling enables the project construction at minimal losses. Majority of the projects comprises incorporation of 18 disciplines involved in design and fitting (Succar, 2009, p 360). The process in working utility process rotates around collaboration with the client, unification of data creation, management and sharing and coordinated information model. There is also a technique of detecting any of a crash or wastage. To streamline the construction site, ground is well prepared for efficient, and accuracy. The data in extraction from the BIM is also useful in setting up the drilling depth. Adoption of the BIM enhances the performance levels. The project progress is fast, accurate and saves resources in use. The Model in use can check for the architectural clash in the building station. The amount of the materials in use are clear too as the model can calculate the same. The three dimensional technology under use generates modelling scales that are easily visible hence enhancing communication among the constructors. The feedback among the stakeholders is timely hence decrease in